China' s titanium resources, the primary titanium ore cannot be directly used to produce titanium dioxide, and the method of smelting titanium slag must be used to meet the needs. Usually, the EAF is used to heat and melt ilmenite, so that the high-content enrichment of
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There are many methods to prepare titanium rich materials, which can be divided into the methods to produce titanium slag and artificial rutile according to the final product; According …
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Aiming to improve the operation conditions of BF, it is necessary to add ordinary iron ore to decrease the titanium oxide content in slag [18]. However, the recovery of vanadium will be reduced and the production cost is increased correspondingly. So far, the proportion of VTM used in BF burden of Panzhihua Steel (China) is less than 70%.
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The blast furnace smelting process for vanadium titania-magnetite is shown in Fig. 1.The low concentration of TiO 2 with about 1.5 wt.% in the primary mineral can be enriched into titania-bearing slag with more than 20 wt.% TiO x, 29,30 as shown by the composition range in Table I; other oxides including CaO, MgO, SiO 2, and Al 2 O 3 are presented in the slag as …
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Titanium resources are abundant in China; however, most Ti exists in middle- and low-grade ores with complex multi-metals such as V and Cr. ... Ilmenite contains considerable impurities that must be removed for producing titanium slag via electric furnace smelting. Titanium slag can be classified as ultra-grade slag (UGS) and high-grade slag (HGS).
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titanium slag with MgTi2O5 as the main phase for smelting vanadium titanomagnetite by the DR−EF process is not very clear. In this work, the thermodynamics and the related phase diagrams are investigated to obtain the suitable titanium slag compositions that can mitigate the titanium reduction and produce a higher titanium slag. Finally, the
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The titanium industry can hardly bypass the titania-containing slags, and the slag physicochemical properties are essential in the metallurgical reactor design and process control. The TiO2–FeO-based slags and TiO2–SiO2–CaO-based slags are the main metallurgical slag systems in the titanium resource utilization processes. To elaborate the role of TiO2 in the …
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Figure.1: The conventional titaniferous slag smelting process. The titanium concentrates are beneficiated from the titanium magnetite, so the conventional titani-um slag …
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be upgraded to high-titania slag to produce titanium dioxide that is needed for further titanium products. The carbothermic reduction and subsequent smelting of ilmenite in electric arc furnace (EAF) is the critical process for high-titania slag production worldwide.[1] To optimize and control the smelting process, the detailed
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Titanium slag smelting technology uses titanium concentrate as raw material and coke as reducing agent to produce high-titanium slag with a titanium slag grade of 85%-92%. Its …
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The composition of TBFS is complex. It is categorized into low (W (TiO2) < 5%), medium (5% < W (TiO2) < 20%), and high-titanium slag (W (TiO2) > 20%) based on Ti content. The titanium in the slag is underutilized, causing it to accumulate and contribute to …
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This paper focuses on titanium resources, the resource and energies consumptions, environmental effects of sponge titanium production, and sustainable …
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Appropriate titanium slag composition during smelting of vanadium titanomagnetite metallized pellets Shuai WANG, Yu-feng GUO, Tao JIANG, Feng CHEN, Fu-qiang ZHENG, ... province in China possesses iron, vanadium and titanium resources. The proven deposits of titanium and vanadium account for 35.17% and 11.6% (mass fraction) of world ...
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1. Introduction. High-titanium slag is a kind of granular or massive waste slag that is produced by the quenching or natural cooling of molten slag discharged from the pig iron obtained via smelting vanadium titanium magnetite [].Hydraulicity refers to the property that a material can be hardened in humid air and water to form a stable compound after being ground into a fine …
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iron, and the impurities in titanium slag are difficult to remove through leaching [8,9]. In particular, the titanium slag in Panzhihua cannot be used because of its high calcium and magnesium contents [10,11]. As shown in Table 1, a comparison of the chemical composi-tions of titanium slag from different regions is presented. The contents of TiO
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This paper demonstrates the results on the experimental smelting of the titanium rich slag and complex titanium-containing ferroalloy under the large-scale laboratory …
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The control temperature for smelting VTM using the HIsmelt process is 1425°C, with a reduction time of 20–30 min, which is conducive to the transfer of vanadium to the molten iron and the enrichment of titanium in the slag. To ensure vanadium and titanium are efficiently utilized, a basicity control of 0.8 is appropriate.
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This includes the BlueSmelting™ project, an ilmenite smelting technology that could generate 95% less greenhouse gas emissions than the current reduction process at RTIT Quebec Operations, enabling the production of high-grade titanium dioxide feedstock, steel and metal powders while reducing our carbon footprint. The BlueSmelting ...
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The process of titanium slag production is the process of smelting ilmenite concentrate in arc ore-thermal furnaces (OTF) in a semi-closed mode with the use of a powder mixture to obtain titanium slag of a specified content of iron oxide, as well as associated metal.
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furnace for smelting titanium slag ... China Iron and Steel Research Institute Group Co., Ltd. 2023 Abstract The smelting reduction process of the ilmenite in an electric arc furnace (EAF) is a commonly used technology for producing titanium slag in the world. It has particular significance to analyze the velocity–temperature–electromagnetics
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The heat of arc plasma is the primary energy source of the electric arc furnace (EAF) for high-titania slag smelting. A unified model of fluid flow, heat transfer, and arc-slag interaction is developed by taking magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equations into account. The model is first validated by comparing the calculated results with the previous experimental …
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Liu et al [32]. studied the smelting process of vanadium slag replacing part of V 2 O 5 smelting ferrovanadium. Aluminum powder, silicon powder, V 2 O 5, vanadium slag and lime are added to the electric arc furnace for reduction. The composition of ferrovanadium produced meets the national standard, and the recovery rate of vanadium is 97.5 %.
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TITANIUM resources are abundant in China; how-ever, most Ti exists in middle- and low-grade ores with complex multi-metals such as V and Cr. The low-grade ... removed for producing titanium slag via electric furnace smelting. Titanium slag can be classified as ultra-grade slag (UGS) and high-grade slag (HGS). UGS is pre-
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Smelting slag from mineral process and blast furnace process to vanadium titanium magnetite is a kind of precious secondary resource in which TiO2 content is higher than 20%.
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1. Introduction. The vanadium-bearing titanomagnetite (VBTM) ore deposit in the Panzhihua–Xichang region, China, is a complex ore that contains many valuable elements, including titanium (Ti), vanadium (V), iron (Fe), chromium (Cr), scandium (Sc), and gallium (Ga), and has high utilization value [1,2,3].Vanadium titanomagnetite concentrates (VTMCs) and …
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The production of lead smelting in China has led to dangerous environmental contamination, which poses a continuous threat to human health and the ecosystem. ... The main destinations of arsenic included smelter slag, reflector slag, and anode sludge, of which 53.86% of the total arsenic was emitted from smelter slag, the most important source ...
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As the byproduct in the smelting process of vanadium titano-magnetite, titanium-bearing blast furnace slag (TBFS) can be converted to a titanyl sulfate (TiOSO4) solution containing MgSO4 and Al2 ...
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Electric-furnace smelting has become the dominant process for the production of the titanium slag from ilmenite in China. The crystallization behaviors of anosovite and silicate crystals in the high CaO and MgO titanium slag were studied to insure smooth operation of the smelting process and the efficient separation of titanium slag and metallic iron. The crystallization behaviors were …
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The titanium-containing phases in the slag system are: black titanium, TiO 2, Ti 2 O 3, a small amount of titanium iron oxide, TiCN, TiC and some magnesium aluminum spinel. It can be noticed that the increase in carbon content changed the slag system composition and influenced to a certain extent the thermodynamic and kinetic process of the ...
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More than 65% of ilmenite is smelted using electric furnaces worldwide and 85% in China, where it is the primary production method for ilmenite [6]. Ilmenite is smelted in an …
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