The result is a copper in concentrate of 50-60% together with the gold. The iron passes into solution accompanied by other ... the removal of arsenic, antimony and other penalty elements from copper, lead and nickel sulphide concentrates. The flowsheet consists of an atmospheric tank caustic leach
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Arsenic is often associated with copper, nickel and gold in sulphide deposits. This paper describes a two-stage high-temperature fluid bed reactor for the removal and fixation of As from ores and ...
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The plant was designed to process low-arsenic content Voisey's Bay sourced nickel concentrate (<0.001% As). In 2016, nickel concentrate from Vale's Manitoba Division containing up to 0.1% arsenic was investigated as a possible candidate for recovery via the Long Harbour flowsheet.
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The result is a copper in concentrate of 50-60% together with the gold. ... process for the removal of arsenic, antimony and other penalty elements from copper, lead and nickel sulphide ...
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In a certain case study of "high" Arsenic in Copper Concentrate (almost 0.5% As) produced by flotation, and where the Cu Conc is mostly chalcopyrite and ... Tennantite/enargite contributes to elevated levels of arsenic, which may incur smelter penalties. Copper concentrates recently tested for mineralogy both measured about 0.44 percent arsenic ...
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Objective: Niccolite, a rare nickel arsenide mineral, has emerged as a promising source for nickel extraction. However, its processing is limited and often associated with toxicity concerns.
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Semantic Scholar extracted view of "Selective leaching of penalty elements from copper concentrates: A review" by Daniel J. Lane et al. ... The selective leaching of arsenic using sodium hypochlorite was evaluated in order to reduce its concentration in a copper concentrate. The best conditions achieved in the synthetic concentrate were ...
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Arsenic, Cd, Hg, Pb, and Sb all fit this category ... The performance of a given leach system, in terms of its ability to selectively remove penalty elements from a copper concentrate, is largely determined by the chemical and physical properties of the concentrate, especially the concentrations and mineral speciation of the penalty elements. ...
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The main features of fluid bed roasters are described. The key process requirements for arsenic removal from metal concentrates (copper and nickel) and ores (gold) by roasting are summarized from ...
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The extraction of nickel (Ni) from sulfide resources commences with flotation to produce a concentrate which is then smelted to produce a nickel-enriched phase called matte, and further refined to ...
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It is commonly known that copper smelter terms include penalties if the concentrations of elements, such as arsenic, mercury and fluorine, exceed stipulated limits. It is less commonly known that the behaviour of these elements in the smelters can depend on the processes used to treat the concentrate. The principle behind the penalties is to compensate the smelters and …
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For a lead-zinc concentrate typical penalties include bismuth, mercury, antimony, cadmium, nickel, cobalt and copper. There are many other penalty elements and if some …
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It is a penalty element in many base metal concentrates that are destined for smelting to produce the relevant metallic products. It is of economic and environmental interest …
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For instance, the maximum arsenic content allowed in copper concentrate has been lowered to 0.4% from 0.5%; the level allowed in lead concentrate has been lowered from 0.7% to 0.6%; and that for zinc concentrate has been capped at …
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Standardization in the field of copper, lead, zinc and nickel ores and concentrates and smelter residues, including sampling, chemical analysis and physical testing.
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Vancouver, October 15, 2024 – FPX Nickel Corp. (TSX-V: FPX, OTCQB: FPOCF) ("FPX" or the "Company") is pleased to announce that it has successfully completed pilot-scale hydrometallurgy refinery testwork and produced battery-grade nickel sulphate from its Baptiste Nickel Project ("Baptiste" or the "Project").. Following on the Company's successful 2023 bench-scale ...
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Trojan Nickel Mine in Bindura, Zimbabwe, produces nickel concentrates which, until 2008, were then processed at their smelter operations (Bindura Smelter and Refinery) and the subsequent product sent to the hydrometallurgical plant to produce nickel cathodes. ... monthly revenue due to smelter penalties amounted to an estimated total of US$141 ...
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Under the most suitable conditions the extractions of nickel, cobalt and arsenic at 90oC after 6 hours were >95%, 90% and <5%, respectively. The comparison with results from high pressure operations indicates the possibility of using a hydrometallurgical flowsheet based on fine grinding and atmospheric pressure leaching and warrants further ...
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Roasting treatments were investigated to remove arsenic from a nickel concentrate. The main arsenic minerals and their proportions in the concentrate were niccolite (NiAs)-50%, gersdorffite (NiAsS)-40% and arsenopyrite (FeAsS)-10%. Thermal analysis showed that gersdorffite and niccolite began decomposing when heated above 640 and 830°C …
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5, where the nickel extraction is plotted as a function of the Fe:As mole ratio in the concentrate for various autoclave reaction times. The minimum Fe:As mole ratio, and projected arsenic content, of the concentrate to reach 95% nickel extraction from the laterite ore is summarized in Table 4.
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Penalties related to the amount of deleterious elements in the concentrate (mercury, arsenic, bismuth, lead tellurium, selenium, antimony, fluoride) above a certain accepted level. Innovative revenue streams include the valorisation of residual heat from operations [3] or the use of iron-silicate slags in civil engineering and construction ...
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0.2-2% nickel, to an acceptable concentrate grade of 10 to 20% nickel. Concentrate smelting produces a high grade nickel matte which is then refined hydrometallurgically. With the majority of the world's nickel supply coming via pyrometallurgical processes, the technology has proven to be quite robust over the years.
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Low levels of arsenic add to the quality of the concentrate. Arsenic is toxic and must be removed from nickel concentrate in the smelting process. High levels of arsenic will attract penalties to the price paid for the concentrate. Positive Conclusion These very positive results indicate nickel mineralisation within the Golden Swan mineralised ...
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the removal of arsenic, antimony and other penalty elements from copper, lead and nickel sulphide concentrates. The flowsheet consists of an atmospheric tank caustic leach followed …
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Arsenic is considered a "penalty element" [1, 2], and its removal in copper metallurgy presents a scientific and technological challenge; smelters impose penalties on the price of the concentrate ...
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1 Introduction. Nickel is an important strategic metal with widespread applications in stainless steel and clean energy fields (Pariser et al., 2018; Poole et al., 2022).The consumption of nickel has reached 2.89 million tons in 2022 and the International Nickel Study Group (INSG) expects this to reach 3.22 million tons in 2023 ().In recent years, the growth of nickel …
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This thesis will focus on the separation of the deleterious elements, also known as penalty elements, mainly bismuth and arsenic from a copper concentrate using froth flotation techniques. The ability to separate penalty elements from copper concentrates will directly benefit mining companies by creating a final copper concentrate that will ...
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The effect of different pulp densities of nickel flotation concentrate on the extraction of nickel (a), cobalt (b), arsenic (c), ferrous iron (d), total dissolved iron (e) and on redox potentials (f) in continuously stirred tank reactors at a pH of 3.0 and at 27 °C. Numbers by charts are the final yields (%) of nickel and cobalt after 56 days.
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3. Green Processing 2006: 5-6 June 3 BackgroundBackground Australia exports ~ 3 millions of tpa of copper, nickel, lead and zinc in form of concentrate and refined metals. Base metal ores contain low levels (1- 104 …
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During bioleaching of nickel concentrate, the highest yields (nickel 60 %, cobalt 49 %) were achieved with the starting pH 1.8 when also iron (28 %) and arsenic (33 %) yields were the highest. At starting pH 3.0, all metal yields (nickel 31 %, cobalt 31 %, iron 12 % and arsenic 11 %) were lower than with starting pH 1.8.
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