Aimed to utilize useful components and reduce the environmental impacts, the present study investigated the recycling of steel slag in converter steelmaking. A mathematical model based on the regular solution model was firstly developed to calculate the activities of calcium oxide and ferrous oxide and the substitution ratio of steel slag. The dephosphorization …
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A literary study has been made to find parameters affecting dephosphorization of stainless steel. Ways ... During the melting process lime (CaO) and dolomite (CaMg(CO 3) 2) is added. CaF 2 is also added in order to increase the solubility of the slag. When the process is finished, and it is
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The proper process parameter of dephosphorization is a key problem in actual steelmaking production. This article presents a rule set model combining a k-means method and a decision tree model, which can extract the rule set from the actual production data to optimize the dephosphorization process. ... including oxygen consumption, lime weight ...
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steel research international is a metallurgy journal covering process metallurgy, ... The proper process parameter of dephosphorization is a key problem in actual steelmaking production. ... the importance variables, including oxygen consumption, lime weight, dolomite weight, smelting temperature, and scrap ratio (ratio of scrap weight and hot ...
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Process for dephosphorization, desulfurization and … manganese slag, magnesium ores such as dolomite … This example illustrates the use of magnesium metal as a … » Free Online Chat
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The introduction of calcined dolomite in MgO based refractories for tundish was beneficial for clean steel smelting. The CaO introduced by calcined dolomite had good …
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low temperature, which favors dephosphorization. On the other hand, it involves large amount of slag and substantial temperature loss. The use of double converters is associated with considerable high cost. Phosphorus can also be removed from steel after converter processing to obtain the ultra-low phos-phorus steel[7-11). However, the ...
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Integrated steel plants utilize large amounts of slag former such as lime and dolomite to produce steel. During the production of steel, 2–4 t of wastes are being generated per tonne of steel produced (Das et al., 2007).The various solids wastes exist in the form of slags, sludges, dusts, mill scales, etc. Amongst the numerous solid wastes, steel slag is a byproduct of …
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A few existing steel slag reduction dephosphorization methods mostly use fossil fuels such as pulverized coal and coke powder as reducing agents, which not only consume non-renewable energy, but also cause significant carbon emissions and increase environmental pressures (Diao et al., 2016; Lin et al., 2014; Ryu et al., 1999; Tian et al., 2012).
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Dephosphorization by Double-Slag Process in Converter ... The double-slag converter steelmaking process can smelt low- and ultra-low-phosphorus steel and reduce lime and …
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molten steel and its productivity during EAF operation, are strongly related to the slag composition.[2–6] Because a classic impurity in molten steel is phos-phorus, the removal of phosphorus in molten steel by EAF slag is obligatorily performed during EAF oper-ation.[7] Burnt lime (CaO) or dolomite (CaOÆMgO) are
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1 Introduction. Hot metal desulfurization serves as the main unit process for removing sulfur in blast-furnace-based steelmaking. Hot metal desulfurization is commonly conducted in a ladle or a torpedo car, 1 using a desulfurization reagent that is either injected into the metal bath or added on top of it. 2 From the thermodynamic point of view, the fundamental requirement for the ...
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Basic oxygen steelmaking, Basicity, chemistry, converter, decarburization, Dephosphorization, lance, oxidation, slag, Chemistry of Steelmaking by Basic Oxygen Steelmaking. Basic oxygen steelmaking (BOS) is the most widely used primary steelmaking process for the production of crude steel from hot metal (HM). The process vessel is known as ...
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The reaction rate of dephosphorization at the slag–steel interface is extremely fast following the formation of slag, and the reaction rate-determining step corresponds to mass transfer on slag–steel interface. If molten iron temperature is excessively high, the distribution coefficient of phosphorus between slag and iron is extremely low. ...
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Doloma is a calcia–magnesia mixture, which is prepared by calcining natural dolomite ((Ca,Mg) ... is phosphorus which is still an important impurity to be removed in BOP/Q-BOP although for instance in many Japanese steel plants dephosphorization is carried out for hot metal after blast furnace (see Chapter 1.3, this volume). When hot metal P ...
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The improved dephosphorization efficiency of the oxidizing slag results from addition of iron-ore pelletized with lime and dolomite, that causes effective slag-metal interface …
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A method of making steel by deeply dephosphorization in a hot metal tank and decarburization using semi-steel with nearly zero phosphorus load in a converter includes the following steps: putting an efficient dephosphorization agent into the hot metal tank in advance, and conducting dephosphorization during blast furnace tapping and transportation of blast furnace hot metal …
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Dephosphorization is one of the most important tasks during BOF steelmaking process. Increased phosphorus content in steel will reduce the toughness of the steel sig-nificantly, leading to cold brittleness of the steel, and adversely affect the welding performance [2, 3]. Therefore, end-point phosphorus content of BOF steelmaking process. Details
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Removal of Phosphorous from Steel Produced by Melting Sponge ... lime and dolomite compositions were determined by the equipment based on X-ray fluorescence technique of make Oxford, model—Lab-X3500. ... dition for dephosphorization is lowest possible temperature [8]. In IMF operation, slag is removed from furnace top. ...
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phosphorization efficiency falls significantly without the use of fluo-rine. In converters, in contrast, high oxygen potential is maintained because of oxygen blowing at high speed, and dephosphorization progresses even with slag of low basicity (CaO/SiO 2), and thus the use of fluorine is not absolutely necessary.
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Dephosphorization experiments in a 200 kg induction furnace showed that using red mud as a flux, under semi-steel conditions ([C] = 2.5~3.0 wt%), reduced the [P] in the melt pool to below 0.02 wt% (initial [P] in hot …
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There are several methods to remove phosphorus to produce low phosphorus steel. Dephosphorization of hot metal can be performed in ladle, torpedo or preliminary …
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The porous calcined dolomite caused the increase of apparent porosity of ramming refractories D1, which brought large contact area between sample D1 and molten steel, more O in the refractories dissolved into the molten steel.
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concern in the use of steel slags for this purpose. Murphy . ... In dephosphorization slag, Ca3(PO4)2 usually formed a solid solution with Ca2SiO4, so the form of phosphorus in the slag was mainly ...
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The double-slag converter steelmaking process can smelt low- and ultra-low-phosphorus steel and reduce lime and dolomite consumption and the amount of final slag simultaneously. Industrial steelmaking tests on a 150-metric ton converter at the Tangsteel Company were carried out to study this principle and its effect on the dephosphorization ratio and material consumption. …
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Dephosphorization in the early stage of converter steelmaking is important for both single and double slag processes. If the slagging is not good in the early stage of blowing, the dephosphorization efficiency is not high and it is …
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In secondary route of steelmaking, production through induction melting furnace contributes about 31 % of India's total steel production. The main raw materials used are steel scrap, cast iron and sponge iron. In India, majority of the induction furnaces are operated using acidic lining of silica based ramming mass to produce structural steel where basicity cannot be …
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steel research international. Early View 2000719. ... The proper process parameter of dephosphorization is a key problem in actual steelmaking production. This article presents a rule set model combining a k‐means method and a decision tree model, which can extract the rule set from the actual production data to optimize the dephosphorization ...
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The main uses of dolomite (Fig 4) in ironmaking and steelmaking are (i) as a fluxing material (ii) for protection of refractory lining, and (iii) as a refractory raw material. Dolomite in iron and steel industry is normally used in …
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There are several methods to remove phosphorus to produce low phosphorus steel. Dephosphorization of hot metal can be performed in ladle, torpedo or preliminary converter[I-6). Usually, phosphorus can be reduced to a level of O. 02 % in the hot metal. ... iron ore and burnt dolomite. The blowing of oxygen was continued until the point of ...
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