(1) The larger the relative density of steel slag, the smaller the permeability coefficient, which is due to the larger the relative density, the greater the compactness of steel slag and the smaller the internal pores, and the gap …
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The indirect carbonation route involves extracting Ca 2+ ions from steel slag into a solution using leaching agents such as acetic acid [16], hydrochloric acid [17], or ammonium salts [18].Subsequently, the carbonation of Ca 2+ ions with CO 3 2– groups proceeds in the solution, producing high-purity CaCO 3.Luo et al. [19] used 0.25 M acetic acid to compare the Ca 2+ ion …
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Although the silicate phase in steel slag will be carbonated, the calcium carbonate produced by carbonation fills the microcracks or pores of the cementitious materials, or becomes the core of the hydration product, which significantly improves the 28-day strength of the cementitious materials. ... The mechanical properties and compactness of ...
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Obviously, the compactness value and standard deviation of steel slag asphalt mixture is higher than that of basalt asphalt, and both are greater than 98% of the specification requirements. This may be because under the same compaction energy, compared with basalt aggregate, steel slag aggregate has rich edge angle index, forming a tight ...
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The utilization of steel slag for industrial and construction purposes has gained significant attention in recent years due to its abundant availability and potential environmental benefits. This study explores the feasibility of utilizing steel slag as a coarse aggregate in concrete, aiming to determine the optimal replacement percentages for desired mechanical …
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The primary mineral compositions in steel slag, including C 2 S, C 3 S, C 4 AF, etc., resemble those found in Portland cement, exhibiting some cementitious performance. This makes steel slag powder (SS) a useful mineral admixture. It is generally believed that the addition of SS can improve the workability of cement paste, as documented in prior research [4], [5].
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As marine-dredged mud and waste steel slag in coastal port cities continue to soar, the traditional treatment method of land stockpiling has caused ecological problems. Thus, it is necessary to find a large-scale resource-comprehensive utilization method for dredged mud and waste steel slag. This study uses waste steel slag and composite solidifying agents …
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The compactness value and standard deviation of steel slag asphalt pavement and basalt asphalt pavement as illustrated in Fig. 6 (a). Obviously, the compactness value and standard deviation of
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The molten steel slag is broken into small droplets [13,14,15]. The steel slag droplet is cooled rapidly in the flight process, and finally solidified into small particles in the granulation chamber. The molten steel slag is granulated by high-pressure air and carries out convective heat transfer with surrounding air during flight.
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Alkali-activated materials (AAMs) are regarded as an alternative cementitious material for Portland cement with regards to sustainable development in construction. The purpose of this work is to investigate the properties of activated blast-furnace slag (BFS)–steel slag (SS) with sodium carbonate (NC), taking into account BFS fineness and Na2O equivalent. …
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Steel slag (SS) and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) are the main industrial byproducts of steel production [1], [2]. The global annual production of SS has exceeded 130 million tons. ... and the internal compactness of the specimens was very good, with only a few small holes. The surface of specimen No. 27 was also very flat, with ...
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Steel slag (SS), a common solid waste generated during steel manufacturing, ... [50, 51], increasing the overall compactness of the matrix [34] and slowing chloride transport. Interestingly, while ECC mixtures with 25 % SS content exhibited superior compressive strength, those with 50 % SS content demonstrated better absorption, void content ...
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Steel slag stored in a stainless-steel plate was placed in a steam curing box at a temperature of 80 °C, and the cracking of the steel slag was observed after two weeks. The chemical compositions of steel slag were determined by X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometer (XRF). The mineral phases of steel slag were tested by TTRAX III X-ray ...
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The results show that the steel slag has a better surface texture than the natural aggregates; physical properties including compactness, flatness and compressive strength comply with the requirements for applying steel slag to a hydraulically bound mixture. Compared to the base layer using andesite aggregates, the compaction vibration period ...
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The results show that the steel slag has a better surface texture than the natural aggregates; physical properties including compactness, flatness and compressive strength comply with the requirements for applying steel slag …
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The total steel slag produced in steelmaking is not disposed of and properly utilized by about 55–78% in China [15]. The annual output of crude steel is about 21.39 million tons in Taiwan, including approximately 0.4 million tons of SSRS, 1.5 million tons of basic oxygen furnace (BOF) slag, and 4 million tons of granulated blast furnace slag ...
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Noticeably, steel slag still faces some intractable problems as construction materials on a large scale, including the potential volume instability and low hydraulic property [11], [12], [13].The f-CaO and f-MgO in steel slag will react with water and convert into Ca(OH) 2 and Mg(OH) 2, causing the volume expansion of steel slag [14].Meanwhile, steel slag exhibits …
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Calcium oxalate is generated on the surface of treated steel slag, which improves the surface compactness, effectively inhibits the expansion of steel slag caused by water …
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Steel slag is a by-product of the steel industry and usually contains a high amount of f-CaO and f-MgO, which will result in serious soundness problems once used as a binding material and/or aggregates. To relieve this negative effect, carbonation treatment was believed to be one of the available and reliable methods. By carbonation treatment of steel slag, the …
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In this work, ultra-high strength carbonated steel slag slabs were prepared with steel slag via accelerated carbonation. The carbonation process of steel slag was studied by the variation of heat of carbonation, pH value and CO 2 uptake over time. The synergistic effect of water-solid ratio (w/s) and voids in compacts (Vc) on the compressive strength and CO 2 …
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The utilization of smaller steel slag particles resulted in enhanced particle packing and increased the overall compactness of concrete. Incorporating steel slag at a 10% replacement rate resulted in a pulse velocity that is 1% higher compared to the control mixture.
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With the growth of time, the hydration reaction of steel slag accelerates, and a large number of gels bind the steel slag fine aggregate and loess into a whole, which accelerates the improvement of compactness and promotes the strength growth of SSICL, as reflected in Fig. 7, where the UCS 60d /UCS 28d of SSICL is much larger than that of ...
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The effects of steel slag (SS) addition on the strength and water resistance of magnesium phosphate cement (MPC) are investigated, and the hydration mechanism is proposed in this paper. With the addition of SS, the strength and water resistance of MPC were significantly enhanced. The compressive strength of MPC with 10 wt% SS (SS 10) cured in air for 60 d …
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The steel slag with a fine particle size can better fill the pores in concrete and improve the compactness, thus enhancing the mechanical properties of concrete.
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The surface compactness of the steel slag increases and the strength of the steel slag increases slightly . Oxalic acid can also promote the hydration reaction of f–CaO and react with some f–CaO in steel slag, which effectively reduces the expansion of the steel slag. The reaction principle is shown in Equations (4)–(6).
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While steel slag powder can effectively enhance the mechanical strength of soil and significantly reduce its water-induced swelling behavior ... In order to ensure the integrity and compactness of the specimens, five layered compaction was carried out during the sample making process, with the same mass of soil weighed in each layer, and the ...
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Effect of CO 2 wet mineralized steel slag-granulated blast furnace slag composite admixture on mechanical properties and chloride corrosion resistance of mortar. ... On the one hand, it fills the pores and cracks inside the mortar and improves the compactness of the mortar; on the other hand, it weakens the preferred orientation of Ca ...
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The steel slag with a fine particle size can better fill the pores in concrete and improve the compactness, thus enhancing the mechanical properties of concrete.
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The grouting materials are new fields where cement clinker (CC) can be replaced by high amounts of steel slag (SS). To develop steel slag composite grouts (SSCG) for constructions and repairs in underground engineering, it is necessary to determine and optimize the performance of SSCG. In this study, the SS and blast furnace slag (BFS) contents ...
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Steel slag-slag composite powder (SSCP) has three exothermic peaks, which are the dissolution peak, hydration peak of steel slag and pozzolanic ash reaction peak of GBFS (after 85 h), respectively.
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