This chapter reports some fundamental thermodynamic and kinetic aspects of the high-energy ball milling (HEBM) technique. HEBM technology consists in exposing definite …
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A surfactant-assisted high energy ball milling technique to produce colloidal nanoparticles and nanocrystalline flakes in Mn–Al alloys. RSC Adv. 5 (112), 92406–92417 (2015).
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The original powder combination was then charged and sealed with 50 stainless steel balls in a stainless steel vial (SUS 316, 250 mL capacity) (SUS 316, 10 mm in diameter). The ball-to-powder weight ratio was maintained at 20:1. Ball milling experiments were done in a high energy planetary ball mill at a rotating speed of 300 rpm.
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A detailed investigation is presented for the solvent-free mechanochemical synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles from ε-Zn(OH) 2 crystals by high-energy ball milling. Only a few works have ever explored the dry synthetic route from ε-Zn(OH) 2 to ZnO. The milling process of ε-Zn(OH) 2 was done in ambient conditions with a 1:100 powder/ball mass ratio, and it …
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The equipment for obtaining ZnO nanoparticles is a high-energy ball mill (see Fig. 1), Netzch brand (model LMZ-10), connected by piping to a tank that includes a high-torque …
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The equipment for obtaining ZnO nanoparticles is a high-energy ball mill (see Fig. 1), Netzch brand (model LMZ-10), connected by piping to a tank that includes a high-torque dispersion agitator (Caframo model BDC1850). The milling cabin has a volume of 10 L supplied with ZnO as the material to be milled, distilled water as .
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The major use of the conventional ball milling is to fracture the particles and to reduce the size, which is dif-ferent from the newly established high energy ball milling (HEBM) method. In this new method a magnet is placed close to the cell to apply a strong magnetic pulling force on the magnetic milling balls, and therefore the impact energy
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High-energy ball milling is a mechanical deformation process that is frequently used for producing nanocrystalline metals or alloys in powder form. This technique belongs to the comminution or …
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In a previous work [15], we reported an efficient route to obtain magnetite-maghemite nanoparticles by the high-energy ball milling method, starting from sub-micrometric hematite mixed with deionized water and using some particular milling conditions. In that work, we obtained full conversion hematite to nano-spinel in a time of 24 h, by using ...
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Mechanical milling is usually done using a planetary ball mill. A refractory or steel ball's energy transmission to a powder relies on the rotating (vibration) speed, size and quantity of balls, ball-to-powder mass ratio, duration and milling environment [2]. The shear action of grinding produces nanoparticles.
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It is demonstrated the capability of Nb combined with TiO2 to enhance charge transportation in solar systems; however, the particle size is still a barrier. This work aims to grind Nb:TiO2 particles, with a complete characterization to analyze the effect caused on particles by processing. Nb:TiO2 was produced by Pechini methodology, characterized by DLS, XRD, …
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This investigation is motivated by interest in nanostructured FeOOH anodes for aqueous asymmetric supercapacitors operating in Na2SO4 electrolyte. The research goal is the fabrication of anodes with high active …
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The effect of high-energy ball milling on the textural evolution of alumina nanopowders (compaction response, sinter-ability, grain growth and the degree of agglomeration) during post sintering process is studied. ... The bright filed TEM image presented at Fig. 1 (a) indicates that the nanoparticles in the as-received alumina nanopowder are ...
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In the second step, pyrite microparticles were subjected to a high-energy planetary ball mill (Model PM 2400, Iran) at a rotation speed of 320 rpm for 2, 4 and 6 h to prepare pyrite nanoparticles. The ball milling process was implemented under atmospheric conditions (25 °C and 1 atm). The kind of the balls and the bowl of the ball milling ...
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Using high torque mixing equipment (Caframo model BDC1850), the TiO 2 is dispersed into distilled water and circulated through a pipe system to a high-energy ball milling (Netzsch model LMZ 10). The cabin volume of the mill is 10 L with 10% ZrO 2 balls (100 μm diameter and apparent density of 3.7 g/cm 3). Five samples are extracted at ...
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The formation of the metastable martensite nanoparticles in S-2 and S-3 is in accordance with the fact that high-energy ball milling is a non-equilibrium processing technique, in which nanoparticles are heated by one collision, and quenched in the intermission before next collision [17]. From the formation of the metastable martensite ...
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A detailed investigation is presented for the solvent-free mechanochemical synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles from ε-Zn(OH)2 crystals by high-energy ball milling. Only a few works have ever explored the dry synthetic route from ε-Zn(OH)2 to ZnO. The milling process of ε-Zn(OH)2 was done in ambient conditions with a 1:100 powder/ball mass ratio, and it …
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In this article, we demonstrate a high-energy ball milling technique for large-scale synthesis of nitrogen doped carbon nanoparticles, ... The resulting carbon nanoparticles exhibited competitive catalytic activity (5.2 mA cm −2 kinetic-limiting current density compared with 7.6 mA cm −2 on Pt/C reference) ...
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Doping ZnO nanoparticles with Fe 3+ via high energy planetary ball milling process. Using XRD, FTIR and FESEM techniques to determine the composition, structure and morphology of nanoparticles. Investigating the sonophotocatalytic performance of nanoparticles in pollutant degradation.
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In our present work, a new simple high-energy ball milling process was developed to prepare high-purity, disperse, fine, and equiaxed α-Al 2 O 3 NPs. In this new process, micron-sized α-Al 2 O 3 particles were directly ball-milled and subsequently washed by hydrochloric acid (HCl) at room temperature. The high-energy ball milling parameters were optimized.
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In this study, the high-energy ball milling (HEBM) technique was used to produce nanoparticles of ZnO from its microcrystalline powder. Four samples were ball milled for 2, 10, 20, and 50 …
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High-energy ball milling is a mechanical process in which the continuous collisions of milling balls cause the powders to deform and fracture, resulting in crushing and mixing. The process can also reduce the activation energy of reactions, and decrease the particle size to the nanometer scale, as well as enhance powder reactivity, and induce ...
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In this paper, we report the impact of mechanical activation on structural, microstructural, thermal, and optical properties of Mg2TiO4 (MTO) nanoparticles prepared by high-energy ball milling. Williamson–Hall (W–H) method was carried out in order to understand the origin of the broadening in the X-ray diffraction (XRD) peaks and for the estimation of …
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The selection of container and milling balls with similar mineral compositions of the feedstock would reduce the chance of contamination. Moreover, the application of high-energy …
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Etsuo Akiba, in Nano Energy, 2012. Ball milling. Ball milling is a high-energy operation of repeated welding and fracturing of sample powders [13]. It is well known as a novel synthesis technique to prepare materials in nanometer scale and non-equilibrium state. It has been widely adopted by researchers to prepare Mg-based hydrogen storage ...
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Using the optimized high-energy ball milling parameters, we prepared high-purity disperse equiaxed α-Al2O3 nanoparticles with an average particle size of 8 nm and a purity of 99.96% (mass percent ...
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In our research, we use the high-energy ball milling technique to synthesize various nanometer powders with an average particle size down to several nm, including nano-sized a-Fe 2 O 3 based solid solutions mixed with varied mole …
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In this study, the production of TiO2 nanoparticles from microcrystalline powder was accomplished using the high-energy ball milling (HEBM) technique. Three samples were milled for 0.5, 1, and 1.5 ...
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Lee et al[104] studied the Phase evolution of Fe 2 O 3 nanoparticle during high energy ball milling. High-energy ball milling of α-Fe 2 O 3 powder was performed in a stainless steel attritor at a speed of 300 rpm for 10–100 h. The powder-to-ball mass ratio was 1:50 with a powder mass of 100 g.
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In this study, the high-energy ball milling (HEBM) technique was used to produce nanoparticles of ZnO from its microcrystalline powder. Four samples were ball milled for 2, 10, …
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